Space-Time Equalization Techniques for New GNSS Signals

GNSS signal processing involving BOC modulations requires tracking techniques able to provide unambiguous code tracking with reduced losses in the signal quality. Space-time processing techniques have the potential of combining the advantages of temporal equalization, for unambiguous tracking, and spatial processing for improved signal quality. In this paper, the use of space-time processing for the tracking of new GNSS signals is considered. A new tracking technique is developed including temporal equalizers at each antenna output and a spatial filter combining the different correlator branches. The temporal equalizers are designed based on the minimum mean square error criterion whereas the spatial filter is characterized by a minimum variance distortionless response. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated using simulated and live GPS data obtained from antenna arrays with different structures and antenna spacing.